Quick Answer: A workplace lactation room must be private, clean, and not a bathroom, with access to a chair, flat surface, and electrical outlet for a breast pump. The PUMP Act (2023) requires employers to provide this space for up to one year after childbirth. Adding comfort touches - like a mini fridge, sink, or soft lighting - makes the space truly welcoming.
If you're returning to work while breastfeeding, having a clean, private place to pump can make all the difference between a stressful day and a smooth one.
That's where a lactation room - sometimes called a "mother's room", "breastfeeding room" or "nursing room" - comes in.
A good lactation room isn't just about legal compliance. It's a simple but powerful way for employers to support mothers, boost morale, and help new parents transition back to work with confidence.
In this guide, we'll cover everything you need to know about lactation room requirements at work, legal standards in the U.S., and practical ideas to make the space more comfortable and mom-friendly - whether you're setting it up or advocating for one in your workplace.
Related article: Pumping at Work: Know Your Rights!
What Is a Lactation Room?
A lactation room is a private, dedicated space where breastfeeding employees can express breast milk during the workday. It should be:
✅ Shielded from view
✅ Free from intrusion
✅ Not a bathroom
✅ Available as often as needed
The goal is to give working mothers a safe, sanitary, and comfortable place to pump milk while away from their babies.
This isn't just a "nice-to-have" anymore - it's a legal requirement under federal law.
Lactation Room Requirements Under U.S. Law: The PUMP Act
The Providing Urgent Maternal Protections for Nursing Mothers (PUMP) Act, passed in 2023, expanded and strengthened workplace rights for breastfeeding employees.
It requires that:
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Employers provide reasonable break time for pumping each time it's needed.
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Employers provide a private space, other than a bathroom, for pumping.
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The space must be functional for expressing milk (not just an empty storage room).
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Employees are protected for at least one year after their child's birth.
What "Functional for Expressing Milk" Means
A compliant lactation room must have:
✅ A chair for sitting comfortably
✅ A flat surface for placing a breast pump
✅ Access to an electrical outlet
✅ Privacy (door that locks or sign indicating use)
✅ Reasonable cleanliness
While not legally required, it's highly recommended that the lactation room at work also includes:
- A nearby sink for washing pump parts
- A mini refrigerator for milk storage
- Adequate lighting and ventilation
Who's Covered by the Law
The PUMP Act covers nearly all employees - hourly and salaried - including teachers, nurses, office workers, and remote employees.
Employers with fewer than 50 employees may request an exemption only if they can prove that compliance would cause undue hardship (significant difficulty or expense).
However, most small employers find it's both affordable and beneficial to provide a suitable lactation room for their employees.
As a breastfeeding working mother, you're entitled to pumping breaks and a private space for at least one year postpartum, but many states extend protections further - some up to three years.
Related article: Expert Tips for Breastfeeding at the Workplace!
What an Ideal Lactation Room Includes
Meeting the legal minimum is the starting point. Going a little further can make a world of difference for moms returning to work.
Here's what an ideal lactation room at work should have:
✅ Comfortable Seating
A sturdy, cushioned chair with armrests helps moms relax while pumping. Comfort supports milk flow - stress does the opposite.
💡 Tip: Avoid tall stools or metal chairs. A supportive office chair or armchair is best.
✅ Electrical Outlets
Pumps need power! The room should have at least one accessible outlet near the chair or flat surface. Bonus points for multiple outlets if two moms share the room!
✅ Clean Flat Surface
A small table, counter, or desk provides a sanitary place to set up the pump, bottles, wipes, or snacks. Surfaces should be easy to wipe and disinfect, not carpeted or fabric-covered.
✅ Privacy Features
The room should have:
- A lockable door or privacy latch
- A "Do Not Disturb" sign (ideally magnetized or printed)
- Covered windows or blinds
✅ Running Water or Nearby Sink
Having a sink nearby makes cleaning bottles and pump parts much easier and more hygienic. If the room doesn't have one, ensure there's a clean sink close by - not in a bathroom.
✅ Mini Fridge
While not required by law, a small refrigerator or a shared milk storage cooler helps moms store breast milk safely during the day at work.
The 4AllFamily portable breast milk cooler is a great option for offices without fridges - it keeps milk at 2-8°C (36-46°F), providing flexibility and peace of mind.
✅ Adequate Lighting and Ventilation
Good lighting makes setup easier, and proper airflow prevents the room from feeling stuffy. Soft lighting - like a warm lamp instead of harsh fluorescent lights - creates a calming atmosphere that helps with let-down.
✅ A Clock or Timer
A small wall clock or digital timer helps moms keep track of their sessions without stress or rushing.
✅ Personal Touches
Little details can make a sterile room feel comforting:
- Soft rug or cozy throw blanket
- Calming colors (pastels, neutrals)
- Wall art or plant
- Small shelf for personal belongings
It's about turning a "functional space" into a "welcoming space."
How to Make the Lactation Room Truly Mom-Friendly at Work
Even if your workplace meets the basic requirements, small upgrades to your lactation room can make it feel like a haven instead of a closet for your employees.
Here are some thoughtful ideas for a mom-centered lactation space:
✅ Add a Mirror
A small mirror helps moms adjust their pump flanges discreetly and makes the space feel more personal.
✅ Provide Wipes, Paper Towels, and Trash Can
These small items go a long way in keeping the lactation room sanitary. A lidded trash can prevents odors.
✅ Keep Cleaning Supplies Handy
A bottle of gentle surface cleaner and a few microfiber cloths help moms quickly wipe down the area after each use.
✅ Include Storage Space
Shelves, baskets, or small lockers allow regular users to store their breast pumps and pumping supplies, so they don't have to carry everything back and forth daily.
✅ Add Outlets and USB Ports
If possible, install multiple outlets and USB charging ports - modern pumps, phones, and even wearable devices often need charging.
✅ Provide Reading Material or Relaxation Tools
A small stack of magazines, inspirational quotes, or a Bluetooth speaker for relaxing music can make breaks feel restorative.
✅ Make It Welcoming for Everyone
Consider a sign-up sheet or scheduling system if multiple employees need the lactation room. Encourage respect and privacy - every mom should feel she can use the space without judgment or interruption.
✅ Accessibility Matters
Ensure the space is accessible to all employees, including those with mobility needs. The door should open easily, and there should be enough space for a wheelchair or stroller if necessary.
For Employers: Why Investing in a Good Lactation Room Matters
Providing a comfortable lactation room isn't just compliance - it's good business.
- It Boosts Employee Retention: Moms who feel supported are more likely to return to work and stay longer. Studies show that companies with lactation programs experience higher retention rates among new mothers.
- It Improves Productivity: When mothers can pump comfortably and without stress, they're more focused, efficient, and less likely to take sick days.
- It Enhances Workplace Reputation: A welcoming lactation space shows that your company values inclusion, family, and employee wellbeing - qualities that today's workforce deeply appreciates.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Setting Up Your Lactation Room in the Office
Even well-intentioned employers can miss the mark. Avoid these common pitfalls:
🚫 Setting up the lactation room in a bathroom - it's unsanitary and illegal.
🚫 Using a temporary storage room that isn't consistently available.
🚫 Forgetting a lock or privacy sign - privacy is non-negotiable.
🚫 Placing the room too far from work areas, making it hard to access during short breaks
🚫 Not maintaining cleanliness or providing regular restocking (wipes, towels, etc.).
Remember: A lactation room isn't a luxury - it's a fundamental part of supporting working parents.
For Employees: How to Advocate for a Better Lactation Room
If your workplace doesn't yet have a suitable lactation room, you can help make it happen:
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Gather information - print the PUMP Act summary from the U.S. Department of Labor.
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Talk to HR or management about current accommodations.
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Propose practical solutions - suggest available rooms or low-cost improvements.
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Emphasize benefits - employee satisfaction, retention, and compliance.
You might be surprised how open most employers are once they understand the need!
What If You Work Remotely?
Remote employees are also protected under the PUMP Act. Even if you're at home, your employer must allow flexibility for pumping breaks as part of your schedule.
Set up your own mini lactation space - a comfortable chair, outlet nearby, small cooler for milk, and water bottle close at hand.
Related article: How to Transition for Pumping When Going Back to Work.
Key Takeaways
✅ A lactation room must be private, clean, and not a bathroom.
✅ It must include a chair, flat surface, outlet, and privacy lock.
✅ Employers must provide this space for at least one year after childbirth.
✅ Adding comforts like a mini fridge, sink, or soft lighting makes a big difference.
✅ Employers benefit too - higher retention, better morale, and happier teams.
✅ Every mom deserves a space that's respectful, relaxing, and supportive. 🌸
💬 We'd Love to Hear From You
Does your workplace have a lactation room? What features make it great - or what would you love to see added? Share your experiences and ideas below to help inspire other moms (and employers!) to create spaces that truly support working parents.
